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Map: Mail-In Voting Rules By State — And The Deadlines You Need

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In response to the coronavirus pandemic, of states have their rules for mail-in voting in November's elections.

Some of those changes are more substantial than others.

California, Nevada, New Jersey and Vermont, along with Washington, D.C., are sending mail-in ballots to all voters, joining the handful of states that conduct all-mail elections. In Montana, individual counties are now to send voters ballots. And many more states are mailing voters absentee ballot applications.

There's also been a big expansion in who can vote absentee. Many states, including New Hampshire and New York, have suspended the to obtain an absentee ballot, or said fear of contracting COVID-19 while voting is a valid excuse.

Other states have altered deadlines and/or loosened rules for submitting an absentee ballot. Some states — often as the result of litigation — have said mail-in ballots only need to be postmarked by Election Day, rather than received by then. And in Virginia, for instance, an absentee ballot won't need a witness signature.

The graphic above gives a broad overview of mail-in voting procedures for each state and some basic deadlines voters should know.

Here are a few caveats as you look up your state's information:

  • Many states have options for voter registration, perhaps at specific locations, even after the statewide deadline.
  • In states that have early voting, the dates often vary by county, or can be on weekdays and not weekends.
  • If your state has no true early voting period, you can likely still drop-off an absentee ballot early.
  • In short, the voting rules and procedures vary widely, so be sure to check with your state for the most detailed and up-to-date information.

    With (lots of) research help by Washington Desk editorial assistant. This map was originally published on Sept. 14.

    Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.

    Ben Swasey is an editor on the Washington Desk who mostly covers politics and voting.
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